The study highlights the urgent need for region-specific adaptation strategies, including improved short-term water storage systems and integrated water management plans, to safeguard agriculture, hydropower generation, and livelihoods in the southern Western Ghats and adjoining coastal plains.

Climate Change and Water Cycle Intensification

Climate change is expected to significantly accelerate the water cycle in the southern Western Ghats and adjoining coastal plains, a new study warns. Rising temperatures could trigger up to a 20% increase in annual rainfall and a 16% rise in extreme precipitation events for every 1◦C of warming, particularly during the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM).

• The study was conducted by a group of researchers led by Jobin Thomas, a postdoctoral research associate at Department of Geology and Geological Engineering at University of Mississippi, the U.S.
• The researchers used advanced climate models and hydrological simulations to study how the region’s climate and water patterns might change in the future.

Region-Specific Strategies

To address the potential impacts of climate change on the region’s hydrological cycle, the researchers emphasize the need for region-specific adaptation strategies. These strategies should include:

1. Improved short-term water storage systems
2. Integrated water management plans
3. Agricultural practices that minimize water loss

Future Projections

The study projects that by the end of the century, total annual rainfall in the region could rise by:

The researchers also warn that daytime and nighttime temperatures are expected to increase across seasons. Maximum temperatures might rise by 1.7°C to 3.2°C, while minimum temperatures could go up by 1.9°C to 3.6°C.

Implications

The findings of the study have significant implications for agriculture, hydropower generation, and livelihoods in the region. The intensification of the hydrological cycle could lead to:

• Floods, landslides, and droughts
• Disruptions to agricultural productivity
• Increased risk of water scarcity

Recommendations

The researchers recommend that policymakers and stakeholders take immediate action to develop and implement region-specific adaptation strategies. These strategies should prioritize:

1. Investment in short-term water storage systems
2. Integrated water management plans
3. Agricultural practices that minimize water loss

Conclusion

The study highlights the urgent need for region-specific adaptation strategies to address the potential impacts of climate change on the hydrological cycle in the southern Western Ghats and adjoining coastal plains. By investing in these strategies, policymakers and stakeholders can enhance regional resilience to hydroclimatic disasters and protect the livelihoods of communities in the region. The study was conducted at the Institute for Climate Change Studies, Kottayam, under a project funded by the Department of Science and Technology. The researchers used advanced climate models and hydrological simulations to study how the region’s climate and water patterns might change in the future, providing valuable insights into the potential impacts of climate change on the region’s hydrological cycle. “Global warming will intensify the hydrological cycle across the southern Western Ghats and adjoining western coastal plains, altering precipitation, temperature patterns and hydrological fluxes. The impacts of climate change necessitate investment in adaptation strategies to enhance regional resilience to hydroclimatic disasters,” the researchers say.